Adolf Brand (1874-1945) outed the imperial chancellor of Germany in 1907. Brand, the editor of the homosexual periodical Der Eigene, was working to repeal the anti-homosexual Paragraph 175 of the German penal code when the Eulenburg scandal broke in 1906. (Eulenburg was a German diplomat whose homosexual involvements had led to a security breach during the Morocco crisis 1906. Because of his closeness to Kaiser Wilhelm II, the exposure of his homosexuality sent shock waves throughout the republic.) Learning that the chancellor, Bernhard Prince von Bulow, a member of Eulenburg's circle, was romantically involved with his secretary, Brand wrote and distributed a leaflet exposing Bulow as a homosexual. Bulow sued for libel. Because of the political climate, Brand was railroaded--convicted and sentenced to eighteen months in prison. Brand's motivation in exposing Bulow foreshadowed the current justifications given for outing. In Brand's own words: "When someone-as teacher, priest, representative or statesman- would like to set in the most damaging way the intimate love contact of others ... in that moment his own love life ceases to be a private matter."
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